Low fat, soy and high-fibre foods slow prostate cancer cell growth

Researchers found that a low-fat diet caused changes in levels of serum fatty acids omega-3 and omega-6 that were associated with decreasing prostate cancer cell growth in an ex vivo bioassay.

The trial involved a cohort of 18 men with untreated prostate cancer who followed either a Western diet or a low-fat diet, for 4 weeks. The low-fat diet included 15% kcal from fat, 30% kcal from protein, 35 g soy protein per day, and 35 g fiber per day. The Western diet consisted of 40% kcal from fat, 30% from protein, 10 g fiber per day, and no soy supplementation.

Fasting serum samples were taken from the men before and after the diet to measure levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), sex hormones, insulin, insulin-like growth factor (IGF) I and II, insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs), lipids, and fatty acids.

The researchers then assessed the effect of the men’s pre- and post-diet sera on the growth of prostate cancer cells using the androgen-sensitive prostate cancer LNCaP cell line grown in a medium containing their sera.

The results showed that the post-diet sera from the men on the low-fat diet reduced LNCaP cell proliferation by a significant 16.0% compared with pre-diet sera. The post-diet sera from men on the Western diet only reduced cell growth by a non-significant 2.4%.

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